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- >why is it that small-ish 727s and 737s seem to make so much noise on
- >take off and even fly-by, compared to the apparently MUCH quieter
- >747s? This has been my distinct impression on numerous occasions. Is
- >is just more efficiently designed engines, or better noise insulation,
- >or what ?
-
- By 737 you probably mean the 737-100/-200 variants, as the newer
- -300/-400/-500 versions are much quieter.
-
- Anyway, the 727s and older 737s use older engine designs which are
- inherently noisier than the newer designs used on the 747 and newer
- aircraft. The most significant difference is probably that the new
- designs are "high bypass ratio" turbofans, while the 727/737 use a
- lower bypass ratio turbofan and the early 707 and DC-8 used an even
- noisier pure turbojet.
-
- In a turbojet, all of the air coming into the engine passes through
- the combustion chamber. In a turbofan, or "fan jet" as Madison Ave.
- called them when they first appeared, some of the air goes through the
- low-pressure compressor but then bypasses the remainder of the engine.
- In effect, a turbofan is like a turboprop, except the propellor (the
- LP compressor) has a duct around it, has many more blades, and turns
- at engine speed rather than being geared down. It's also fixed pitch.
-
- The early turbofans had a fairly low bypass ratio, less than one if I
- recall correctly -- around 20% or about .2 : 1 sounds right.
-
- In contrast, the JT9D of the origianl 747 is more like 6:1 or 7:1, and
- new engines for the A330 and 777 will exceed 10:1.
-
- This has a dramatic impact on noise because the majority of the noise
- comes from the hot exhaust gasses of the combustion process. With
- more of the thrust coming from the cooler bypass airflow the engine
- is quieter. In addition, the cool bypass air surrounds the hotter
- combustion gasses and tends to contain the noise. Further improvement
- have come as the manufacturers have learned how to better control this
- phenomenon.
-
- --
- Karl Swartz |INet kls@ditka.chicago.com
- 1-415/854-3409 |UUCP uunet!decwrl!ditka!kls
- |Snail 2144 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park CA 94025, USA
- Send sci.aeronautics.airliners submissions to airliners@chicago.com
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